The peruvian woman to the conquest of her rights

The purpose of this post is to understand the situation of women in the last 200 years and how they managed through the years to fight for their rights and for Peru to be a country with equality.

 

According to Rosas (2021) “Femicide, sexual violence and other forms of the exercise of power over women are not just temporary problems. On the contrary, we are facing problems whose nature is structural in our society and whose manifestations are rooted in time. For this reason, it is important to know how these women participated in the construction of a republican Peru and ended up defending the weight of history. To develop this argument, in such a broad and complex topic of study, in this brief article we will review some representative milestones of female participation in Peru from the 19th to the 21st century and, at the same time, we will mention a series of women who, during this period, they gave a relevant contribution to the construction of the country both individually and collectively”.

 

According to Abaiza (2018) "International Women's Day should serve to remind us that 108 years ago the women of that time decided to fight for the search for equality. Today, in the 21st century, the inequality gap is still evident, but the contribution of women to society is increasing"

Then, at the Copenhagen Conference on March 8, 1910, the objective was to eradicate mistreatment of women, seek labor equality, the right to vote and the opportunity to work in important positions.

Hopeful women sought to conquer their rights with commitment and perseverance.

That is why all their efforts paid off and there were changes towards equality.

 

The women of the process of independence to the Republic:

At the end of the 18th century, the gender vision was generated, this fact was favored by the Enlightenment and liberalism. Before that, the woman was oriented to her home, that is, to her husband, children and the care of the house.

According to the Congress of the Republic of Peru (2021) "Throughout our republican history, events and heroic acts that occurred during the process of Peruvian emancipation have been recognized, and above all, the participation of Peruvian women has been valued . In this sense, the Congress of the Republic of Peru has contributed to exalt the figure of Peruvian women, framing them in separate laws that pay homage to her sacrifice for the sake of the liberation of her people from the colonial yoke.

Thus, in 1954 a Bill was presented in the Chamber of Deputies, for the creation of a new district in the Province of Concepción, which is called "Heroínas Toledo", in homage to Mrs. Cleofé Ramos de Toledo and his daughters María and Higinia for the heroic act carried out on the Balsa bridge, near Concepción, and which was later promulgated as Law No. 12536.

In the year 1963, Mrs. María Parado de Bellido, heroine and martyr of the Independence of our Homeland, is paid homage with the erection of a monument in the town square of Paras, place of her birth, also declaring, as national monument the house of his birth. The legislative proposal was enacted as Law No. 16400.

In 1980, the Congress of the Republic exalted the figure of Mrs. Micaela Bastidas Puyucahua, and recognized her as a precursor, hero and martyr of Peruvian Emancipation, as well as her husband José Gabriel Túpac Amaru; through Law No. 23225 promulgated in Cusco, by the then President of the Republic Fernando Belaúnde Terry, on November 4, 1980 to commemorate the Bicentennial of the Emancipatory Rebellion of 1780.

In the month of May 1983, Law No. 23599 was promulgated through which the figure of the distinguished patriot Juana de Dios Manrique de Luna was made known, declaring that she deserved national gratitude for the services she provided along with the Hero. Jose Olaya Balandra.

This electronic publication on the Exhibition of Documentary Jewels: Heroic Women of the Independence of Peru, is presented within the framework of the celebration of the "International Women's Day" of the year 2019; in coordination with the Commission for Women and Family 2018-2019, whose President is Miss Congresswoman Tania Pariona Tarqui; as a tribute to the participation and heroism of the "Peruvian Woman" during the process of the Independence of Peru".

That is why all their efforts paid off and there were changes towards equality.

 

As final reflections, it is important to mention that until a few decades ago, the female presence had been ignored in traditional historiography and their participation had been silenced, forgotten or simply minimized, however, later there was recognition of their participation and reconstruction. of female participation in society. On the other hand, at present, the contribution of women in our country is evident in different activities, such as politics, the home, science, art, letters, academia, sports and the business world. However, up to now inequality is considerable and for this reason women continue to work to reduce the inequality gap, for the good of society.

References: 

Arbaiza, L. (2018) La mujer peruana a la conquista de sus derechos, Conexión ESAN. Available at: https://www.esan.edu.pe/conexion-esan/la-mujer-peruana-a-la-conquista-de-sus-derechos (Accessed: 20 May 2023). 

Rosas, C. (2021) Desafiando el peso de la historia. El papel de las mujeres en la construcción de la República peruana, Memoria PUCP. Available at: https://idehpucp.pucp.edu.pe/revista-memoria/articulo/desafiando-el-peso-de-la-historia-el-papel-de-las-mujeres-en-la-construccion-de-la-republica-peruana/ (Accessed: 20 May 2023).

Mujeres Heroicas de la Independencia del Perú. (2021), El Congreso. Available at: https://www.congreso.gob.pe/mujeresheroicas/. (Accessed: 20 May 2023).

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